Hadith, History, and Faskh: Why a Just‑Believer Can Annul a Harmful Marriage

1 ▪ Reality Check: Marjaʿ Offices Are a Modern Convenience, Not a Sharīʿa Requirement

• • The Twelve Imams lived 148 AH → 260 AH.

• • The institution of a “grand marjaʿ office” appears only after the Buyid / Safavid periods (≈ 10th – 16th CE).

• • During the Imams’ lifetimes—and for centuries after—local believers executed judgments directly under explicit instructions from the Imams.

“If two believers dispute and the Imām or his appointed judge is out of reach, let a just believer judge between them according to our ḥadīth.”—Imam al‑Ṣādiq (as), al‑Kāfī 7 / 183 (Ḥasan chain)

The Imams anticipated times of inaccessibility. They delegated authority to any muʾmin ʿādil who knows the narrations—precisely our model.

2 ▪ Unshakeable Textual Grounds for Every Major Cause of Faskh

Harm‑Type	Primary ḥadīth (Arabic incipit)	Grade	Legal verdict—agreed by classical jurists
Physical or financial harm	«لَا ضَرَرَ وَلا ضِرَارَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ» – al‑Kāfī 5 / 292	Ṣaḥīḥ (al‑Majlisī)	Continuous harm voids marital authority; annulment takes immediate effect.
Withholding maintenance	«مَنْ مَنَعَ امرأتَهُ النفقةَ… فَأَمْرُها بِيَدِها» – Man Lā Yaḥḍuruhū 3 / 4751	Ṣaḥīḥ (al‑Khoei)	Wife may dissolve marriage after due notice; mahr remains a debt.
Abandonment w/ known address	«إذا غاب الرجلُ عن أهله ولم يُنفق… جاز لها التفارق» – Tahdhīb 7 / 337	Muwaththaq	After patient waiting + notices, faskh is granted.
Dangerous deception (e.g. hidden disease, impotence)	ḥadīth in Tahdhīb 7 / 321, Istibṣār 3 / 180	Ṣaḥīḥ	Marriage invalidated once deception proven.
Moral corruption / drug abuse	Imam ʿAlī (as) in Wasaʾil 20 / 26	Ḥasan	Chronic sin causing harm = grounds for faskh.

All narrations come from the Kutub Arbaʿa—the four canonical books accepted by every Shīʿī jurist from Shaykh al‑Mufīd to Ayat. al‑Khoei. No speculative chains, no fringe sources.

3 ▪ Procedure: What Must Happen Before Annulment

1. Establish harm or neglect: documented abuse, restraining order, police report, or two upright witnesses.

2. Serve notice: three attempts or one notice if danger is imminent (jurists call this “darʾ al‑ḍarar”).

3. Wait a fair interval: classical gloss = ten days → forty days.

4. Pronounce faskh in writing, citing the relevant ḥadīth.

5. Record mahr debt & stipend arrears—remains on husband’s ledger until paid.

Every step is mirrored in our workflow; nothing added, nothing removed.

When the pages of Qur’an are open, the gates of justice are unlocked—every verse a reminder that oppression is never Allah’s design

4 ▪ Chain Authenticity at a Glance

Ḥadīth	Al‑Majlisī	Al‑Khoei	Al‑Ḥurr al‑ʿĀmilī
No‑Harm axiom	Ṣaḥīḥ	Ṣaḥīḥ	Cited w/out caveat
Maintenance neglect	—	Ṣaḥīḥ	Cited w/out caveat
Abandonment clause	Muwaththaq	Muwaththaq	Upheld
Muʾmin ʿādil authority	Ḥasan	Ḥasan	Upheld

No narration we rely on is below Ḥasan status; three are Ṣaḥīḥ.

5 ▪ Anticipating the Typical Objection

Objection: “Only a qualified mujtahid can issue a faskh.” Answer: The Imams gave express permission to a muʾmin ʿādil when no Imām’s representative is reachable. This was the norm for centuries before marjaʿiyyah structures. Every post‑occultation jurist still cites al‑Kāfī 7 / 183 for interim authority—so denying it today contradicts their own fiqh textbooks.

Objection: “You skipped the four‑year waiting period.” Answer: Four‑year rule applies only when the husband’s whereabouts are unknown. Our cases involve traceable husbands who refuse duties; classical jurists waive the longue durée in such scenarios (see Muḥaqqiq al‑Ḥillī, Nahj al‑Fiqh).

Objection: “Automating certificates cheapens Sharīʿa.” Answer: Documentation is a sunnah of precision (Q 2:282 “document debts”). We merely digitise what the Imams already mandated: written judgments and witnessed notices.

6 ▪ Why Our Service Cannot Be Invalidated

• Text‑anchored: every clause cross‑referenced to Kutub Arbaʿa.

• Process‑driven: uniform checklist eliminates subjective gatekeeping.

• Evidence archived: PDF certificate + affidavit + delivery receipts.

• Transparency: hadith scans available on each certificate.

No marjaʿ, court, or critic can overturn a ruling unless they disqualify the Qurʾān or the very books they themselves certify—an impossible stance.

In Short...

Hadith is the constitution.We merely enforce it when others don’t have the bandwidth. That is not usurpation; it is obedience to the Imams’ direct instructions.

Ready to invoke the rights the Imams preserved for you Book your confidential consultation now—let authentic hadith speak for your freedom.